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| 我国硕士研究生毕业去向及趋势研究——基于教育部直属高校2014—2018年数据的分析 |
| A Study on Future Career Development and the Trend thereof of Postgraduates in China: Based on analysis of data from 2014 to 2018 at universities directly under the Ministry of Education |
| 投稿时间：2020-04-15 |
| DOI：10.19834/j.cnki.yjsjy2011.2020.05.09 |
| 中文关键词: 硕士研究生;直属高校;就业去向;就业趋势 |
| 英文关键词: postgraduate;universities directly under the Ministry of Education;career development after graduation;employment trend |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 杨院 | 天津大学 教育学院, 天津 300350 | | 王荧婷 | 天津大学 教育学院, 天津 300350 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 硕士研究生是高等教育体系中衔接本科教育与博士教育的一环，其毕业去向影响着高等教育和经济社会的发展。通过对2014-2018年教育部直属高校就业质量年度报告中硕士就业数据分析发现：硕士生就业率较高，深造率较低；硕士生偏好的就业单位依次为企业、事业单位、学术性单位；对硕士生就业吸引力强的地区依次为学校属地、北上广、东部和中西部地区。自2014至2018年，直属高校硕士生毕业后"升学"趋向明显，从"稳定型""学术型"单位流向"市场型""非学术型"单位的趋势明显，从"中心"出走的趋势显现。为此，要进一步完善多样化的硕士生培养体系，注重对硕士生的就业取向进行引导，尽可能使其就业区域分布相对均衡。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The postgraduate education is the intermediate link between undergraduate education and doctoral education in the higher education system, and the career development of postgraduates after graduation influences the development of higher education as well as the economic and social development. Based on the analysis of the masters' employment data in the 2014-2018 annual reports on the employment quality of the universities directly under the Ministry of Education, this study finds that: the employment rate of the masters is relatively high and the proportion of them to pursue further education is relatively low; the preferred employment destinations are enterprises, public institutions and academic institutions in the order; the regions with strong employment attraction are successively the localities of the universities, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, the eastern region, and then central and western regions. During the period from 2014 to 2018, it was obvious that more masters from the universities directed under the Ministry of Education would like to pursue further study. In addition, they would like to move from stable, academic units to market-oriented and non-academic units, leaving the so-called central area of China. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a diversified postgraduate training system, strengthen the guidance to the masters when they choose careers and step up efforts to make their employment distribution relatively equilibrium in China. |
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