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| “双一流”高校来华研究生学业问题与对策——系统理论下学科比较的案例分析 |
| Academic Problems of Foreign Postgraduates in Western China: Subject Comparison Based on System Theory |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-14 |
| DOI：10.19834/j.cnki.yjsjy2011.2025.01.04 |
| 中文关键词: 来华研究生;学业问题;学科类型;系统理论;双重偶然性 |
| 英文关键词: international students in China;academic problems;types of disciplines;systems theory;double contingency |
| 基金项目:中国高等教育学会2024年度高等教育科学研究规划重点课题"基于创新创业的教育链、创新链与产业链协同发展研究"(24CX0215);陕西省教育科学"十四五"规划2024年度重点课题"陕西省高等院校拔尖创新人才培养模式研究"(SGH24Z17) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 陈立斌 | 西安交通大学 实践教学中心, 西安 710049 | | 王辰光 | 西安交通大学 人文社会科学学院, 西安 710049 | | 郭愔 | 西安交通大学 人居环境与建筑工程学院, 西安 710049 | | 卢春天 | 西安交通大学 人文社会科学学院, 西安 710049 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 双一流高校来华研究生学业质量是保障高等教育有效国际化的重要环节,但学界对来华研究生学业问题和成因关注不够。研究基于卢曼的系统理论视角,探究学业问题表现背后不同层次的原因及其作用过程,并选取西部典型院校,对18名来华研究生、12名来华研究生导师、7名管理人员进行了访谈,将来华研究生学业问题归为学术参与、资源利用、师生沟通等三方面的不足,并从个体和制度两个层次进行了原因剖析。结果表明,个体系统层面的文化观念差异、语言能力和专业基础薄弱导致了学业互动中的双重偶然性,而院校教育系统层次的国际化水平不足、管理模式的缺陷加剧了这种偶然性,且人文社科类比理工类来华研究生的学业问题及其不确定性更明显。对此,在招生入学、学科培养、国际化水平、管理模式等四个方面分层次提出了减少学业问题的建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The academic quality of graduate students in "Double First-Class" universities in China is an important issue to ensure the effective internationalization of higher education. Based on systematic theory of Niklas Luhmann, the study takes X University, a typical university in western China, as a case study, identifying 3 academic problems: deficiencies in academic participation, information literacy, and teacher-student communication, then the reasons at the individual and external institutional levels are analyzed. The results suggest that the differences of cultural concepts, weak language ability and professional foundation at the individual level lead to double contingencies in academic interaction, and the lack of internationalization level of institutions at the institutional educational system level and the defects of management mode exacerbate the contingency, in addition, the academic problems and uncertainties of humanities and social science international graduate students in China are more obvious than those of science and technology graduate students. In this regard, the study puts forward some policy suggestions for "Double First-Class" universities in Western China to alleviate academic problems from four aspects: enrollment, discipline training, internationalization level and management mode. |
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