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| 美国博士学位论文委员会的组织特征与指导效能 |
| Organizational Characteristics and Guidance Efficacy of the U.S. Doctoral Dissertation Committee |
| 投稿时间：2024-01-05 |
| DOI：10.19834/j.cnki.yjsjy2011.2024.04.13 |
| 中文关键词: 学位论文委员会;博士生培养;集体指导;组织特征;指导效能 |
| 英文关键词: dissertation committee;doctoral training;collective guidance;organizational characteristic;guidance efficacy |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目"超大规模博士教育治理的路径和机制研究"(72074015);国家自然科学基金重点项目"面向国家重大需求的研究生教育治理体系"(72134001) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 孙莉 | 北京航空航天大学 人文社会科学学院, 北京 100191 | | 赵世奎 | 北京航空航天大学 人文社会科学学院, 北京 100191 | | 吴彬 | 北京教育科学研究院, 北京 100036 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 随着博士生教育规模扩大、知识生产模式转型、科研范式和产业形态变革,培养模式创新成为博士生教育改革的重要议题。本文以美国高校的博士学位论文委员会为研究对象,梳理2021年U.S.News世界大学排行榜中美国排名前十大学或其代表院系的论文委员会的制度文本,结合国外对论文委员会的相关研究和对相关博士生的咨询,剖析了论文委员会的组织特征及其实现的指导效能。分析表明,美国博士论文委员会制度注重从学生需求出发,通过构建个性化、多元化及跨学科化的指导关系,在激发知识生产创新、提升学位论文质量、促进博士生社会化等方面发挥了重要作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the expansion of doctoral education, transformation of knowledge production mode, and the changes of research paradigm and industrial form, the innovation of cultivation mode becomes as an important issue in the reform of doctoral education. Taking doctoral dissertation committees of American universities as the research object, this paper analyzes the organizational characteristics and guidance efficacy of the dissertation committees with the sorted institutional texts of the dissertation committees of the top 10 American universities or their representative departments in the list of the U.S.News 2021 Best Universities Rankings, relevant research outcomes abroad and interviews with related doctoral students. The analysis shows that the doctoral dissertation committee system in the United States starts its work to meet the needs of students and plays an important role in stimulating knowledge production innovation, improving the quality of dissertations, and promoting the socialization of doctoral students through the individualized, diversified and interdisciplinary guidance relationship it has constructed. |
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