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| 从“专业人”到“社会人”——美国大学研究生助教培养转向的案例分析 |
| From “Professional Person” to “Social Person”: A case study on the transformation of training system for postgraduate teaching assistants at American universities |
| 投稿时间：2020-05-13 |
| DOI：10.19834/j.cnki.yjsjy2011.2020.06.13 |
| 中文关键词: 研究生助教;培训课程;专业人;社会人;加州理工学院 |
| 英文关键词: postgraduate teaching assistant;training courses;professional person;social person;California Institute of Technology |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 申超 | 天津大学 教育学院/教育科学研究中心, 天津 300354 | | 刘易坤 | 天津大学 教育学院/教育科学研究中心, 天津 300354 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究生助教是美国大学中开展辅助教学的一支不可忽视的力量。与多数高校主要着重培养其教学的专业性不同，加州理工学院开创的一条兼具"专业人"与"社会人"培养旨趣、着眼研究生一生发展的培养新路预示着一种培养理念的转向。通过对其系列培训课程的文本分析发现，该校在对研究生助教从教学认知、操作、监控以及具体学科教学能力四个方面进行精细化的"专业人"塑造的同时，主要通过三个方面的转变（从如何教到如何以教促学、从教在校内到校外实践、从管理学生到自我管理）渗透着其培养理念的转向。进阶式的双重助教资格证书制度以及线上资源与线下机构相结合的协同支持体系，是其独特的培养之道的保障。揭示这种培训理念的转向对我国大学方兴未艾的助教培训事业具有重要的启发意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The postgraduate teaching assistants form a force that cannot be ignored at American universities for teaching assistance. Unlike most universities that mainly focus on the cultivation of teaching professionalism, California Institute of Technology has initiated a new and interesting cultivation path with the goal to cultivate the student into both "professional person" and "social person" focusing on the development of postgraduates in their whole life, which indicates the change of cultivation conception. Upon the analysis of the text of the training courses, the authors find that while refining the "shaping" of the postgraduate teaching assistants into professional persons from the aspects of teaching cognition, operation, monitoring, and specific subject teaching ability, the university has also permeated the transformation of its cultivation conception into students from three aspects(from how to teach to how to promote learning by teaching, from teaching at school to practice outside school, and from managing students to the realization of their self-management). The system for step-by-step progressive dual teaching assistant qualification certificate and the system of collaborative support from both online resources and offline institutions are the guarantee to its unique training method. The revelation of the change in the training conception is of great significance for the emerging teaching assistant training undertakings in the higher-learning institutions of China. |
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