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| 研究生教育的最优学位类型结构估计——基于省域面板数据的实证研究 |
| Estimation of the Optimal Degree-Type Structure in Postgraduate Education: An Empirical Study based on Provincial Panel Data |
| 投稿时间：2025-06-27 |
| DOI：10.19834/j.cnki.yjsjy2011.2025.06.01 |
| 中文关键词: 研究生培养;学位类型结构;经济增长;非线性特征 |
| 英文关键词: postgraduate education;degree type structure;economic growth;nonlinear characteristics |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金教育学重大项目"高等教育人才供需适配机制研究"(VIA240008) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 孙泽生 | 上海师范大学 商学院, 上海 200122 | | 张翰月 | 上海师范大学 商学院, 上海 200122 | | 许薛璐 | 上海师范大学 商学院, 上海 200122 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 近年来,我国持续推进研究生教育规模扩张及学位类型结构调整,但专业学位与学术学位的协同关系及最优学位类型结构尚少有研究关注。基于2003—2022年省域面板数据,本文实证探讨研究生学位类型结构对经济增长影响的非线性特征及影响机制。研究发现,研究生教育的学位类型结构对经济增长存在非线性影响,专业学位与学术学位研究生教育规模比例对经济增长具有"倒U型"影响,这一结论在经过多种稳健性和内生性检验后仍然成立。基于学位授权点数测算的最优专业学位授权点占比居于95.45%~95.76%区间,基于毕业生数、在校生数测算的最优专业学位研究生占比区间分别为62.12%~68.86%和59.30%~67.94%。研究生教育规模和学位类型结构通过人口素养、技术创新和产业结构升级等路径驱动经济增长,但中介作用同样存在非线性特征,不同学位类型对经济增长的影响既存在差异,又能产生协同效应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In recent years, China has promoted continuously the expansion of postgraduate education and adjusted the structure of degree types. However, the synergistic relationship between professional and academic degree educations and the optimal academic degree-type structure have received little research attention. Based on provincial panel data from 2003 to 2022, this paper empirically examines the nonlinear characteristics of and the mechanism influencing economic growth by the postgraduate degree-type structure. The study finds that the structure of postgraduate degree types has a nonlinear impact on economic growth. The proportion of degree-oriented professional and academic postgraduate education scales has an inverted U-shaped effect on economic growth. This conclusion remains solid after undergoing various robustness and endogeneity tests. The optimal proportions of professional degree programs measured based on the number of degree programs are in the range of 95.45%~95.76%, and the optimal structures of degree programs measured respectively based on the number of graduates and the number of enrolled students are 62.12%~68.86% and 59.30%~67.94%. The scale of postgraduate education and the structure of academic degree types drive economic growth through various channels, such as increasing population literacy, fostering technological innovation and upgrading industrial structures. However, the intermediate effects also exhibit nonlinear characteristics. Different degree types have both differentiated impacts and synergistic effects on economic growth. |
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