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| 美国综合立体式博士生资助制度的运行机制及启示 |
| The Operating Mechanism and Inspiration of the Comprehensive, Stereoscopic Doctoral Student Funding System in the United States |
| 投稿时间：2023-02-22 |
| DOI：10.19834/j.cnki.yjsjy2011.2024.02.15 |
| 中文关键词: 博士生;资助制度;综合立体式资助;运行机制 |
| 英文关键词: doctoral student;funding system;comprehensive three-dimensional financial support;operating mechanism |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金重大项目"以教育发展促进收入代际流动性的机制与政策研究"(19ZDA066);中国学位与研究生教育学会重大课题"研究生教育的育人规律研究"(2020ZAC6) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 邢晓 | 武汉大学 政治与公共管理学院, 武汉 430072 | | 陈新忠 | 武汉大学 政治与公共管理学院, 武汉 430072 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在社会历史发展外在力量与高等教育内在逻辑共同作用下,美国博士生资助制度实现了由自由零散式、联邦政府主导式、多元混合式到综合立体式的嬗变,在减轻财政负担和博士生经济压力、创造高水平科研成果、培养创新型人才方面发挥了重要作用。美国综合立体式博士生资助制度之所以成效显著,很大程度上得益于其多元资助理念牵引下的政策保障机制、多方联动的经费筹措机制、异质灵活的项目申请机制、科学规范的运行管理机制及数据驱动的监控反馈机制,为我国博士生资助制度完善与资助成效提升提供了值得借鉴的经验与启示。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Under the joint action of the external forces of social and historical development and the internal logic of higher education, the doctoral funding system in the United States has realized the evolution from the free and piecemeal format, federal government-led format, multi-factor mixed format to the comprehensive and three-dimensional format. The funding system has played an important role in reducing government financial burden and the economic pressure on doctoral students, creating high-level scientific research achievements and cultivating innovative talent. The remarkable success of the US funding system for doctoral students in the comprehensive and three-dimensional format is largely attributed to the policy guarantee mechanism driven by the multi-factor funding concept, multi-party interactive fund-raising mechanism, heterogeneous and flexible project application mechanism, scientific and standardized operating mechanism, and data-driven monitoring and feedback mechanism, which provides worth-learning experience and inspiration for the improvement of the doctoral funding system and the funding effect in China. |
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