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| 基于大数据的博士学位攻读年限监测预警分析 |
| Big Data-based Analysis of Monitoring and Warning on Study Duration Doctoral Students Spent for PhD Degree |
| 投稿时间：2020-04-13 |
| DOI：10.19834/j.cnki.yjsjy2011.2020.05.03 |
| 中文关键词: 博士学位;攻读年限;离群监测;监测预警模型;培养质量 |
| 英文关键词: doctorate;study duration;outlier-based monitoring;monitoring and warning model;training quality |
| 基金项目:教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心委托研究课题"研究生教育质量大数据分析专项研究"（S2018134）；陕西省社会科学基金项目"基于大数据的研究生教育质量监测评估模型研究"（2019Q001）；全国教育科学"十三五"规划教育部重点课题"基于大数据分析的研究生教育质量监控模型构建与实证研究"（DCA160259） |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 李珍艳 | 西安交通大学 中国西部高等教育评估中心, 西安 710049 | | 陆根书 | 西安交通大学 中国西部高等教育评估中心, 西安 710049 | | 高玉建 | 教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心, 北京 100083 | | 向体燕 | 教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心, 北京 100083 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于2008-2017学年全国高校博士研究生学位授予大数据，分析不同学位类别、攻读类型、学科背景的博士研究生攻读学位年限基本特征和总体分布情况。采用离群监测方法，构建基于博士研究生学位平均攻读年限的学位授权点监测预警模型，筛选学位攻读年限处于异常状态的学位授权点进行监测预警，为不同学位授权点对比分析博士生培养质量和培养效率情况，以及博士研究生培养周期监测预警提供参考依据。研究表明，近10年来，我国博士研究生学位攻读年限中位数均为3.75年。通过离群监测进入预警名单的学科点数占学科总数的比例最高的是非双一流建设高校，其次为一流学科建设高校，最低的是一流大学建设高校，且非一流学科的预警学科点数占学科总数的比例高于一流学科的占比。据此提出了进一步提高博士研究生培养质量、优化博士研究生攻读学位平均年限、提高人才培养效率的政策建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on the big data of the doctoral degrees conferred at Chinese universities in the 2008-2017 academic years, this paper analyzes the basic characteristics of the study duration doctoral students in different degree categories, types of study, and discipline backgrounds spent for obtaining degrees and the overall situation in this regard at different universities. With the outlier-based monitoring method, a monitoring and warning model for units authorized to confer academic degrees is constructed based on the information of the average study duration used by doctoral students in pursuing degrees. Subsequently, the units authorized to confer academic degrees showing abnormal study duration for degree pursuing are chosen to be under monitoring and warning, which provides reference for comparison and analysis of the cultivation quality and efficiency of doctoral students in different units authorized to confer academic degrees and reference for the monitoring and warning of the doctoral student training period. This study shows that in recent 10 years, the median of the study duration for doctoral students pursuing academic degrees in China is 3.75 years. The highest proportion of disciplines in the total number of disciplines in the warning list selected by the outlier-based monitoring system is from the universities not listed to be constructed into first-class universities, in following is from the universities with first-class disciplines under constructions, and the lowest is from the first-class universities under construction. In addition, the percentage of the disciplines warned in the total disciplines at universities not to be constructed into first-class ones is higher than that of the first-class disciplines under construction. On this basis, the authors put forward some policy proposals to further improve the quality of doctoral training, optimize the average study duration for doctoral students to pursue academic degrees, and improve the efficiency of talent cultivation. |
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