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| 理工科博士生招生方式对培养效果的影响——基于35所研究生院理工科博士生的调查 |
| Influence of Enrollment Methods on Training Effect for Science and Engineering Doctoral Students: Based on a Survey over Science and Engineering Doctoral Students from 35 Postgraduate Schools |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-16 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 博士生;招生方式;培养效果 |
| 英文关键词: doctoral students;enrollment methods;training effect |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 闵韡 | 华东师范大学 高等教育研究所, 上海 200062 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1896 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨招生方式对博士生培养效果的影响，对35所研究生院1759名理工科博士生进行了调查。结果显示：高水平大学和高人才层次的导师更倾向于硕博连读和直接攻博的招生方式。其中，硕博连读者在导师指导效果、管理认同和科研产出上具有较大的优势。直接攻博者则表现出较低水平的管理认同和较高水平的发表压力和焦虑，在科研产出上相对于普通招考亦无明显优势。研究认为，将直接攻博的培养目标和方式，同硕博连读的学籍管理、分流退出机制相结合能够有效地发挥两种招生方式的长处，而保留一定的普通招考名额能够有效地适应不同学科的特点，同时一定程度上兼顾教育公平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the influence of enrollment methods on the cultivation effect of doctoral students, the author has conducted a survey over 1,759 science and engineering doctoral students in 35 graduate schools. The results show that high level universities and supervisors of high-caliber talent are more likely to recruit students for master-doctor continued studies and for direct doctorial studies. The students in master-doctor continued studies are more advantageous in terms of guidance result of supervisors, in management recognition and scientific research output. The students in direct doctor studies show a low level of management recognition but a high level of publication pressure and anxiety, and there is no obvious advantage in scientific research output. Through the study, the author believes the combination of the cultivation objective and methods for students in direct doctoral studies with the status management of the students in master-doctor continued education and the talent regrouping and withdrawal mechanism can give better play to both of the student enrollment methods. Meanwhile, keeping certain quota for regularly enrolled students is good for the characteristics of different disciplines. At the same time, it is also good for the maintenance of fair education to a certain extent. |
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