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| 研究生招生的公平困惑：程序对实体的背离 |
| Contradiction between Procedural Fairness and Substantial Fairness, the Perplexity in Postgraduate Matriculation |
| 投稿时间：2016-12-20 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 研究生招生;招生公平;实体公平;程序公平 |
| 英文关键词: graduate admission;fair admission;substantial fairness;procedural fairness |
| 基金项目:全国教育科学规划2015年度国家重大课题（VEA150004）；中国人民大学科学研究基金（中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助）项目（16XNH041） |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 段斌斌 | 中国人民大学 教育学院, 北京 100872 | | 胡劲松 | 华南师范大学 教育科学学院, 广州 510631 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 招生公平包含程序公平与实体公平两个维度。程序公平是行政权力支配的招生过程公平，也是基于考生身份而同等对待的形式公平；而实体公平则是学术权力主导的招生结果公平，也是基于学术能力而区别对待的实质公平。作为一种教育现象，研究生招生在增进程序公平的同时却饱受实体公平拷问；而作为一种不完善的程序公平，招生程序在限制学术恣意的同时却压抑了选才，导致程序与实体之间出现了过程与结果的反差、工具与价值的背反。为此，研究生招生应在实体优先的基础上兼顾程序公平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A fair matriculation system for postgraduates has two dimensions, one is procedural fairness and the other is substantial fairness. The procedural fairness is the fairness in the admission process dominated by administrative discretion, and also the formal fairness with no discrimination based on social status of the applicants. The substantial fairness is the consequence fairness of admission guided by academic authority, and also the essential fairness in differentiated treatment based on the academic ability of the applicants. That the promotion of procedural fairness in postgraduate admission is frequently questioned by substantial fairness is a phenomenon in education. As an imperfect procedural fairness, while limiting academic abuse, it also hinders selection of qualified candidates, resulting in contradiction between procedural fairness and substantial fairness, and disparity between tools and values in process and outcome. Therefore, this article proposes that in postgraduate matriculation, more consideration be given to procedural fairness while substantial fairness is prioritized. |
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