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| 卓越工程师核心素养培养的供需契合度如何？——一项基于企业和教师视角的混合研究 |
| How Well Do the Supply and Demand for the Cultivation of Core Competencies of Outstanding Engineers Match? A Mixed Study from the Perspectives of Enterprises and Teachers |
| 投稿时间：2025-07-10 |
| DOI：10.19834/j.cnki.yjsjy2011.2026.02.10 |
| 中文关键词: 卓越工程师;核心素养;供需契合度;混合研究 |
| 英文关键词: outstanding engineers;core competencies;supply-demand fit;mixed research |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金教育学西部项目"面向国家战略腹地建设的西部卓越工程师共生培养机制与路径研究"(XIA250358) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 刘怡 | 西北工业大学 高等教育研究中心, 西安, 710072 | | 肖银泰 | 西北工业大学 高等教育研究中心, 西安, 710072 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于14177份企业人员问卷和15份教师访谈数据,从知识、技能和能力三个维度对卓越工程师36种核心素养的供需契合度进行了分析,根据需求度—契合度二维四象限模型,将其核心素养划分为核心适配型、未来潜能型、双维滞后型、战略瓶颈型四种类型。调查发现,研究生所具备的卓越工程师核心素养实际水平尚难以满足企业需求。他们基础知识扎实,但复杂知识整合不足;实践技能较为薄弱,沟通协作素养欠缺;创新能力存在短板,高阶思维有待提升。提高卓越工程师核心素养培养的供需契合度,要打破传统学科边界,构建系统集成的知识体系;深化校企协同育人,以真实情境培养研究生的实践技能和沟通协作素养;改革教学模式和评价方式,提升研究生的高阶思维和创新能力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on 14177 enterprise staff questionnaires and 15 teacher interview data, the supply-demand fit of 36 core qualities of excellent engineers was analyzed from three dimensions: knowledge, skills, and abilities. According to the two-dimensional four-quadrant model of demand and fit, these core qualities were divided into four types: core fit, future potential, dual lag, and strategic bottleneck. The survey found that the actual level of core qualities of excellent engineers still falls short of meeting the demands of enterprises: they have solid basic knowledge but lack integration of complex knowledge; their practical skills are relatively weak, and they lack communication and collaboration qualities; their innovation capabilities have shortcomings, and their higher-order thinking needs to be improved. To improve the supply-demand fit of the core qualities of excellent engineers, it is necessary to break through the traditional disciplinary boundaries and build a systematic and integrated knowledge system; deepen the collaborative education between schools and enterprises, and cultivate the practical skills and communication and collaboration qualities of graduate students in real contexts; and reform the teaching model and evaluation methods to enhance the higher-order thinking and innovation capabilities of graduate students. |
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